Lectures on the discipline "Fundamentals of Programming" are developed in accordance with the curriculum of the OPP "Software Engineering" specialization 121 "Software Engineering" of the educational level of the bachelor. Contains a list of the main topics in the course "Fundamentals of programming" with examples of implementation of the basic programming algorithms in the programming language. Developed for students (including foreign students), full-time and distance learning. Лекції з дисципліни "Основи програмування" розроблені відповідно до навчального плану ОПП "Інженерія прогорамного забезпечення" спеціальності 121 "Інженерія прогорамного забезпечення" освітнього рівня бакалавр. Містить перелік основних тем у курсі "Основи програмування" з прикладами реалізації основних алгоритмів програмування на мові програмування. Призначений для студентів (у тому числі іноземних студентів), денної, заочної та дистанційної форм навчання. It is recommended for independent study of discipline. PROGRAM STRUCTURE 6 Hello World Example 6 Compile and Execute C Program 7 1. BASIC SYNTAX Tokens in C 8 Semicolons 8 Comments 8 Identifiers 9 Keywords 9 Whitespace in C 10 2. DATA TYPES Integer Types 11 Floating-Point Types 13 The void Type 14 3. VARIABLES Variable Definition in C 15 Variable Declaration in C 16 Lvalues and Rvalues in C 18 4. CONSTANTS AND LITERALS Integer Literals 19 Floating-point Literals 20 Character Constants 20 String Literals 21 Defining Constants 22 The #define Preprocessor 22 The const Keyword 23 5. STORAGE CLASSES The auto Storage Class 24 The register Storage Class 24 The static Storage Class 25 The extern Storage Class 26 6. OPERATORS Arithmetic Operators 28 Relational Operators 30 Logical Operators 32 Bitwise Operators 34 Assignment Operators 37 Misc Operators ? sizeof & ternary 40 Operators Precedence in C 41 7. DECISION MAKING if Statement 46 if…else Statement 48 if...else if...else Statement 49 Nested if Statements 51 switch Statement 53 Nested switch Statements 55 The ? : Operator 57 8. LOOPS while Loop 59 for Loop 61 do…while Loop 63 Nested Loops 65 Loop Control Statements 67 break Statement 68 continue Statement 70 goto Statement 72 The Infinite Loop 74 9. FUNCTIONS Defining a Function 76 Function Declarations 77 Calling a Function 78 Function Arguments 79 Call by Value 80 Call by Reference 81 10. SCOPE RULES Local Variables 84 Global Variables 85 Formal Parameters 86 Initializing Local and Global Variables 87 11. ARRAYS Declaring Arrays 89 Initializing Arrays 89 Accessing Array Elements 90 Arrays in Detail 91 12. POINTERS What are Pointers? 101 How to Use Pointers? 102 NULL Pointers 103 Pointers in Detail 104 13. STRINGS 14. STRUCTURES Defining a Structure 120 Accessing Structure Members 121 Structures as Function Arguments 122 Pointers to Structures 124 Bit Fields 126 15. UNIONS Defining a Union 128 Accessing Union Members 129 16. BIT FIELDS Bit Field Declaration 133 17. TYPEDEF typedef vs #define 137 18. INPUT AND OUTPUT 139 The Standard Files 139 The getchar() and putchar() Functions 139 The gets() and puts() Functions 140 The scanf() and printf() Functions 141 19. FILE Opening Files 143 Closing a File 144 Writing a File 144 Reading a File 145 Binary I/O Functions 146